What is a Tailgating Attack?

A tailgating attack is a type of physical security breach where an unauthorized person gains access to a restricted area by closely following an authorized individual. This is a social engineering attack that takes advantage of trust, carelessness, or normal social behaviors, bypassing security protocols.

How Does Tailgating Work?

The attacker exploits common human behaviors, including: 

  • Politeness: People often hold doors open for others out of courtesy. 
  • Trust: Employees may assume anyone following them is authorized. 
  • Neglect: Security protocols like access cards or badges may not be strictly enforced. 
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Steps of a Tailgating Attack

  • Observation: The attacker identifies a secure area and watches for a suitable time to act. 
  • Approach: The attacker waits for an opportunity to follow closely behind an authorized person. 
  • Entry: The attacker enters when the door is held open or stays close enough to avoid detection. 

Common Examples

  • Office Entry: An attacker follows an employee into a secure building without using an access badge. 
  • Data Centers: Gaining physical access to restricted server rooms by following IT staff members. 
  • Event Areas: Entering restricted areas at conferences or large events. 

 

How to Prevent Tailgating ?

  • Access Control Measures: 
    • Install turnstiles or mantraps to restrict entry to one person at a time. 
  • Badging System: 
    • Use access cards or biometric scanners for secure entry. 
  • Visitor Policies: 
    • Enforce a policy where visitors must sign in and be escorted at all times. 
  • Surveillance Systems: 
    • Install CCTV cameras to monitor entrances and exits. 
  • Physical Security Staff: 
    • Employ guards to verify identities and credentials at entry points. 
  • Anti-Tailgating Technology: 
    • Use sensors or alarms that alert when more than one person enters at the same time.